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B1 القواعد

B1الأفعال الناقصة15 دقيقة

الإلزام والنصيحة: must, have to, should

Obligation and advice: must, have to, should

عبّر عما هو ضروري، وما ليس ضروريًا، وما هو غير مسموح، وما هو فكرة جيدة.

تأتي Must وhave to وshould جميعها قبل الصيغة الأساسية للفعل. وهي تُظهر مدى قوة الإلزام أو النصيحة. بعد must وshould لا نستخدم to أبدًا.

الصيغةالمعنىمثال
muststrong obligation, often the speaker's own feeling, or a written ruleI must call my mum tonight. It's her birthday.
have to / has toobligation from outside: rules, laws, timetables, jobsNurses have to work at night sometimes.
mustn'tit is not allowed, so don't do itYou mustn't use your phone during the exam.
don't have toit isn't necessary, but you can if you wantYou don't have to bring food. Lunch is included.
should / shouldn'tadvice: a good or bad ideaYou should try the soup. It's delicious.

ليس لـ Must صيغة ماضٍ أو مستقبل، لذلك نستخدم have to للأزمنة الأخرى: I had to wait for an hour yesterday. We'll have to leave early tomorrow. الأسئلة والنفي مع have to تحتاج إلى do أو does أو did: Do you have to wear a uniform?

Mustn't أم don't have to؟

يبدو هذان التعبيران متشابهين، لكن معنييهما مختلفان جدًا. Mustn't تعني أن الشيء غير مسموح. أما Don't have to فتعني أنه لا يوجد إلزام: يمكنك أن تختار.

  • You mustn't swim here. The water is dangerous.
  • You don't have to swim if you're tired. You can sit on the beach.
  • Aiko has to get up at 5 a.m. because her shift starts at six.
  • You should drink more water when it's hot.
  • We didn't have to pay for the concert. It was free.

التمرين 1 من 2

اختر الصيغة الأنسب

اختر الخيار الأنسب لإكمال كل جملة.

  1. You _____ touch the paintings. It's against the museum rules.

  2. It's Saturday tomorrow, so I _____ get up early.

  3. You look tired. You _____ go to bed earlier.

  4. Yesterday Kofi _____ work late because his colleague was ill.

  5. _____ you have to wear a uniform at your school?

  6. Visitors _____ show their ticket at the entrance. That's the rule.

  7. You _____ eat so much sugar. It's bad for your teeth.

  8. Lena _____ take the bus to work. She lives very close to her office.

تمت الإجابة عن 0 من 8

التمرين 2 من 2

اكتب الصيغة الصحيحة

اكتب الصيغة الصحيحة للكلمات الموجودة بين القوسين.

  1. My sister is a doctor, so she (have to) work at weekends sometimes.

  2. We (not / have to) wait long at the airport last night. Our bags came quickly.

  3. You (must / not) tell anyone. It's a secret!

  4. You (should / not) leave your bike outside. Someone might take it.

  5. Students (not / have to) buy the books. The school gives them for free.

  6. (do) Ravi have to work tomorrow?

  7. When I was a child, I (have to) share a bedroom with my two brothers.

  8. Next year, Mina (will / have to) take the bus because her school is moving.

تمت الإجابة عن 0 من 8

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