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Joy English

B1 문법

B1조동사15분

의무와 조언: must, have to, should

Obligation and advice: must, have to, should

필요한 것, 필요하지 않은 것, 허용되지 않는 것, 좋은 생각인 것을 말해 봅니다.

Must, have to, should는 모두 동사원형 앞에 옵니다. 이들은 의무나 조언의 강도를 나타냅니다. must와 should 뒤에는 to를 쓰지 않습니다.

형태의미예
muststrong obligation, often the speaker's own feeling, or a written ruleI must call my mum tonight. It's her birthday.
have to / has toobligation from outside: rules, laws, timetables, jobsNurses have to work at night sometimes.
mustn'tit is not allowed, so don't do itYou mustn't use your phone during the exam.
don't have toit isn't necessary, but you can if you wantYou don't have to bring food. Lunch is included.
should / shouldn'tadvice: a good or bad ideaYou should try the soup. It's delicious.

Must에는 과거형이나 미래형이 없으므로 다른 시제에는 have to를 사용합니다: I had to wait for an hour yesterday. We'll have to leave early tomorrow. have to의 의문문과 부정문에는 do, does, did가 필요합니다: Do you have to wear a uniform?

Mustn't와 don't have to의 차이

이 둘은 비슷해 보이지만 의미가 매우 다릅니다. Mustn't는 허용되지 않는다는 뜻입니다. Don't have to는 의무가 없다는 뜻이며, 선택할 수 있습니다.

  • You mustn't swim here. The water is dangerous.
  • You don't have to swim if you're tired. You can sit on the beach.
  • Aiko has to get up at 5 a.m. because her shift starts at six.
  • You should drink more water when it's hot.
  • We didn't have to pay for the concert. It was free.

연습 1 / 2

가장 알맞은 형태 고르기

각 문장을 가장 알맞게 완성하는 선택지를 고르세요.

  1. You _____ touch the paintings. It's against the museum rules.

  2. It's Saturday tomorrow, so I _____ get up early.

  3. You look tired. You _____ go to bed earlier.

  4. Yesterday Kofi _____ work late because his colleague was ill.

  5. _____ you have to wear a uniform at your school?

  6. Visitors _____ show their ticket at the entrance. That's the rule.

  7. You _____ eat so much sugar. It's bad for your teeth.

  8. Lena _____ take the bus to work. She lives very close to her office.

8문제 중 0문제 답함

연습 2 / 2

올바른 형태 쓰기

괄호 안 단어의 올바른 형태를 입력하세요.

  1. My sister is a doctor, so she (have to) work at weekends sometimes.

  2. We (not / have to) wait long at the airport last night. Our bags came quickly.

  3. You (must / not) tell anyone. It's a secret!

  4. You (should / not) leave your bike outside. Someone might take it.

  5. Students (not / have to) buy the books. The school gives them for free.

  6. (do) Ravi have to work tomorrow?

  7. When I was a child, I (have to) share a bedroom with my two brothers.

  8. Next year, Mina (will / have to) take the bus because her school is moving.

8문제 중 0문제 답함

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