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C2 القواعد

C2الانقلاب25 دقيقة

الانقلاب بعد الظروف المنفية وبعد so وsuch

Inversion after negative adverbials, so and such

ضع الفعل المساعد قبل الفاعل بعد الافتتاحيات المنفية والمقيِّدة وبعد so وsuch.

عندما تبدأ الجملة بظرف منفي أو مقيِّد (negative or restrictive adverbial)، ينتقل الفعل المساعد أمام الفاعل (in front of the subject) كما في السؤال. يمنح هذا أثرًا رسميًا أو درامّيًا أو أدبيًا، وهو شائع في الكتابة الأكاديمية والخطب. وإذا لم يكن في الجملة فعل مساعد فأضف do, does or did. ويتبع الانقلاب نفسه so + adjective وsuch + be عندما تفتتحان جملة.

عبارة الافتتاحالنمطمثال
Never, rarely, seldom, little, nowhereadverb + auxiliary + subjectRarely did she ask for help.
Not only ... (but also)inversion in the first clause onlyNot only did it fail, but it also cost a fortune.
No sooner ... than; hardly / scarcely ... whenpast perfect invertedNo sooner had they left than it rained.
Not until; only after / when / if; only theninversion in the main clauseNot until midnight did the noise stop.
Under no circumstances, on no account, at no time, in no waymodal or auxiliary + subjectUnder no circumstances should you open it.
So + adjective; such + beso + adj + aux + subject + thatSo rapid was the change that nobody coped.

انتبه إلى أي جملة تنقلب (which clause is inverted). بعد not until أو only when تبقى جملة الزمن بترتيبها العادي وتنقلب الجملة الرئيسة: *Not until the results arrived did the team understand the problem.* وبعد no sooner استخدم than؛ وبعد hardly وscarcely استخدم when (أو before).

  • Never before had the city faced such a severe drought.
  • Little did he realise that the letter had been opened.
  • Only after the data had been checked did the team publish it.
  • On no account may visitors touch the exhibits.
  • Such was her influence that the whole department changed its approach.

التمرين 1 من 2

اختر الصيغة الصحيحة

اختر الخيار الذي يكمل كل جملة بشكل صحيح.

  1. Not until the committee had read the full report _____ the scale of the problem.

  2. No sooner had the curtain risen _____ the lights failed.

  3. Under no circumstances _____ the laboratory door be left unlocked.

  4. Such _____ the noise from the building site that nobody could concentrate.

  5. Little _____ realise that the letter had already been opened.

  6. Only after the results had been checked twice _____ the findings.

  7. So rapidly _____ the glacier retreat that the map had to be redrawn.

  8. Hardly had she sat down _____ the telephone rang.

تمت الإجابة عن 0 من 8

التمرين 2 من 2

أكمل الجملة

اكتب الكلمة الناقصة. اقبل فقط الصيغ التي تحافظ على ترتيب الكلمات المقلوب.

  1. Never before the city faced such a severe drought.

  2. Not only the proposal cost too much, but it was also badly designed.

  3. At no time the staff told that the office would close.

  4. On no account visitors touch the exhibits.

  5. Only when the ice had melted the explorers able to continue.

  6. So severe the storm that all flights were cancelled.

  7. Seldom she ask for help, even when she was overwhelmed.

  8. No sooner had the meeting ended the arguments began.

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