B2أدوات الربط15 دقيقة

التناقض: although, despite, however, whereas

Contrast: although, despite, however, whereas

اربط الأفكار المتناقضة بدقة، بالقواعد وعلامات الترقيم المناسبة لكل أداة ربط.

تُظهر أدوات ربط التناقض أن فكرتين مدهشتان معًا أو مختلفتان عن بعضهما. معانيها متشابهة، لكن كلًّا منها يتبع نمطًا نحويًا مختلفًا، وهنا يقع معظم الأخطاء.

أداة الربط	ما الذي يأتي بعدها	مثال
although / even though / though	a clause (subject + verb)	Although the flat was small, it was very bright.
despite / in spite of	a noun, a pronoun or an -ing form	Despite the rain, the festival went ahead.
despite / in spite of + the fact that	a clause	In spite of the fact that she was tired, Nia kept working.
however / nevertheless	a new sentence, usually with a comma after the linker	The hotel was expensive. However, the service was excellent.
whereas / while	a clause that compares two different facts	Ali prefers the mountains, whereas his sister loves the coast.

تعبّر Although وdespite عن نتيجة غير متوقعة: نتوقع شيئًا لكن يحدث شيء آخر. أما Whereas وwhile فتقارنان ببساطة بين حقيقتين مختلفتين دون مفاجأة. وEven though أقوى من although. وThough أقل رسمية ويمكن أن تأتي في نهاية الجملة: The test was hard. I passed, though.

الفكرة نفسها، قواعد مختلفة

Although it was late, we went for a walk.
Despite the late hour, we went for a walk.
Despite being tired, we went for a walk.
It was late. However, we went for a walk.
Lucas has a full-time job, whereas his brother is still at university.

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