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C1 문법

C1가정법22분

가정법과 격식 있는 가정 표현

The subjunctive and formal hypothetical forms

격식 있고 고상한 영어에서 원형 가정법, were, 그리고 비현실적인 현재 의미를 나타내는 과거형을 사용합니다.

영어에는 작지만 중요한 subjunctive(가정법) 체계가 있습니다. 가정법은 격식 있는 글, 공식 규칙, 고정 표현에 나타나며, 무언가가 요구되거나 권고되거나 가정적이거나 현실이 아니라는 것을 나타냅니다. 학습자들은 보통 he, she, it 뒤에서도 동사가 원형을 유지하는 점으로 가정법을 알아차립니다. that every pupil be silent, that she arrive on time.

쓰임패턴예
Demands and recommendationsverb of request + that + subject + base formThe teacher demanded that every pupil be silent.
Adjectives of importanceessential / vital / crucial that + base formIt is essential that the patient remain calm.
Passive versionthat + subject + be + past participleThe rules require that a form be completed before entry.
Unreal situationif / as if / as though + wereHe talks as though he were the owner of the company.
Formal conditionalWere + subject + to ...Were she to accept the offer, she would move abroad.
Preference about otherswould rather + subject + past simpleI'd rather you didn't park here.
Time to actit's (high) time + past simpleIt's high time the council began the repairs.
Fixed expressionsbe that as it may / far be it from meBe that as it may, we must respect the decision.

영국 영어에서는 원형 대신 should가 쓰이는 경우가 많습니다. It is essential that the patient should remain calm. 둘 다 맞고 많은 화자가 일반 현재형도 쓰지만, 격식 있는 글과 시험에서는 원형이 가장 안전한 선택입니다. would rather와 it's time 뒤에서는 과거형이 과거가 아니라 현재나 미래의 의미를 나타냅니다. I'd rather you left now는 지금 떠나 주기를 바란다는 뜻입니다.

  • The committee requested that the report be submitted by noon.
  • Far be it from me to criticise, but the plan has flaws.
  • If it were not for her support, I would not be here today.
  • She behaves as if she owned the whole building.

연습 1 / 2

알맞은 형태 고르기

각 문장을 올바르게 완성하는 선택지를 고르세요.

  1. The committee requested that the report _____ submitted by noon.

  2. I'd rather you _____ anything about the surprise yet.

  3. It's high time the council _____ the repairs.

  4. He talks as though he _____ the owner of the company, although he joined last week.

  5. Which sentence uses the formal subjunctive?

  6. Be that as it _____, we must respect the decision.

  7. Were she _____ the offer, she would have to move abroad.

  8. If it _____ not for her support, I would not be here today.

8문제 중 0문제 답함

연습 2 / 2

문장 완성하기

빠진 단어나 형태를 입력하세요. 적절한 곳에는 격식 있는 가정법을 사용하세요.

  1. It is essential that the patient (remain) calm.

  2. The teacher demanded that every pupil (be) silent.

  3. I'd rather you (not / park) here.

  4. It's time we (leave); the last bus goes soon.

  5. it not for the rain, we would be having a perfect day.

  6. Far it from me to criticise, but the plan has flaws.

  7. She behaves as if she (own) the whole building.

  8. The rules require that a form (complete) before entry.

8문제 중 0문제 답함

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