C1Subjunctive22 menit
Subjunctive dan bentuk hipotetis formal
The subjunctive and formal hypothetical forms
Pakai subjunctive bentuk dasar, were, dan bentuk lampau untuk makna present yang tidak nyata dalam bahasa Inggris formal dan tinggi.
Bahasa Inggris memiliki sistem subjunctive yang kecil tetapi penting. Bentuk ini muncul dalam tulisan formal, aturan resmi, dan ungkapan baku, dan menandakan bahwa sesuatu dituntut, disarankan, hipotetis, atau tidak nyata. Pelajar biasanya menyadarinya karena kata kerja tetap dalam bentuk dasar, bahkan setelah he, she, atau it: that every pupil be silent, that she arrive on time.
| Kegunaan | Pola | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| Demands and recommendations | verb of request + that + subject + base form | The teacher demanded that every pupil be silent. |
| Adjectives of importance | essential / vital / crucial that + base form | It is essential that the patient remain calm. |
| Passive version | that + subject + be + past participle | The rules require that a form be completed before entry. |
| Unreal situation | if / as if / as though + were | He talks as though he were the owner of the company. |
| Formal conditional | Were + subject + to ... | Were she to accept the offer, she would move abroad. |
| Preference about others | would rather + subject + past simple | I'd rather you didn't park here. |
| Time to act | it's (high) time + past simple | It's high time the council began the repairs. |
| Fixed expressions | be that as it may / far be it from me | Be that as it may, we must respect the decision. |
Dalam bahasa Inggris Britania, kamu sering mendengar should sebagai pengganti bentuk dasar: It is essential that the patient should remain calm. Keduanya benar, dan banyak penutur juga memakai present tense biasa, tetapi dalam tulisan formal dan ujian, bentuk dasar adalah pilihan paling aman. Setelah would rather dan it's time, past simple bermakna sekarang atau masa depan, bukan masa lalu: I'd rather you left now berarti saya ingin kamu pergi sekarang.
- The committee requested that the report be submitted by noon.
- Far be it from me to criticise, but the plan has flaws.
- If it were not for her support, I would not be here today.
- She behaves as if she owned the whole building.
Latihan 1 dari 2
Pilih bentuk yang benar
Pilih pilihan yang melengkapi setiap kalimat dengan benar.
Latihan 2 dari 2
Lengkapi kalimat
Ketik kata atau bentuk yang hilang. Pakai subjunctive formal jika sesuai.
It is essential that the patient (remain) calm.
The teacher demanded that every pupil (be) silent.
I'd rather you (not / park) here.
It's time we (leave); the last bus goes soon.
it not for the rain, we would be having a perfect day.
Far it from me to criticise, but the plan has flaws.
She behaves as if she (own) the whole building.
The rules require that a form (complete) before entry.
Sumber
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