Joy English
Joy English

C2 Gramática

C2Subjuntivo25 min

El subjuntivo mandativo y los subjuntivos formulaicos

The mandative subjunctive and formulaic subjunctives

Usa el subjuntivo en forma base después de verbos y adjetivos que expresan exigencia, y reconoce expresiones fijas como come what may.

El subjunctive (subjuntivo) es poco frecuente en el inglés cotidiano, pero es habitual en la escritura formal, los reglamentos, los informes y las expresiones fijas. Dominarlo es una clara señal de competencia. El tipo más importante es el mandative subjunctive (subjuntivo mandativo), que se usa en una oración con that después de palabras que expresan una exigencia, una recomendación o importancia. El verbo va en su forma base (base form), sin -s en tercera persona y sin cambio de tiempo.

DesencadenanteEstructuraEjemplo
Verbs: demand, insist, propose, recommend, request, require, suggest, urgeverb + that + subject + base formThe panel recommended that the report be withdrawn.
Adjectives: essential, vital, imperative, desirable, crucialit is + adjective + that + subject + base formIt is imperative that she attend the hearing.
Nouns: demand, requirement, insistence, proposalnoun + that + subject + base formTheir insistence that he resign surprised no one.
Negativethat + subject + not + base formWe asked that the data not be shared.

El inglés británico suele sustituir el subjuntivo por should (that the report should be withdrawn), y en el uso informal por un verbo normal en indicativo. La forma base es la opción más formal y es la habitual en el inglés americano. Fíjate en que la negación va antes (before) del verbo y que no se usa el auxiliar do.

Were y expresiones fijas

El were-subjunctive sobrevive en comparaciones y condiciones irreales: if I were you, as though she were still here. Muchos subjuntivos fosilizados se aprenden mejor como bloques: come what may, be that as it may, far be it from me, suffice it to say, so be it, if need be y as it were.

  • The regulations require that every applicant be over eighteen.
  • It is essential that no child leave the site unsupervised.
  • Suffice it to say that the results were disappointing.
  • Be that as it may, the deadline stands.
  • If need be, we can extend the trial by a month.

Ejercicio 1 de 2

Elige la forma correcta

Elige la opción correcta en una escritura formal y cuidada, usando el subjuntivo mandativo siempre que corresponda.

  1. The board has recommended that the director _____ his post until the audit is complete.

  2. It is vital that every sample _____ labelled before it leaves the laboratory.

  3. The lawyer requested that his client _____ questioned without a representative present.

  4. Ayesha insisted that the figures _____ correct, though nobody believed her.

  5. Costs may rise, but we shall finish the bridge, _____ what may.

  6. The regulations require that each applicant _____ over eighteen.

  7. She talks about the city as though she _____ a native, but she arrived last year.

  8. It is essential that no child _____ unsupervised near the water.

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Ejercicio 2 de 2

Completa la oración

Escribe la palabra o palabras que faltan. Cuando se da un verbo entre paréntesis, usa la forma que sea correcta en la escritura formal.

  1. The union demanded that the manager (apologise) in public.

  2. It is imperative that she told of the decision yet. (negative)

  3. If I (be) you, I would ask for a second opinion.

  4. Suffice it say that the experiment did not go as planned.

  5. The doctor's recommendation was that he (take) a month off work.

  6. Far be it me to criticise, but the report contains several errors.

  7. She spoke as if she (be) the only person in the room who understood.

  8. We will carry out the repairs, if need , over the weekend.

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Fuente

Lección original de Joy English.

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