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B2Tenses15 menit

Past perfect simple dan continuous

Past perfect simple and continuous

Tunjukkan peristiwa lampau mana yang terjadi lebih dulu, dan bicarakan kegiatan yang sedang berlangsung sebelum suatu saat di masa lalu.

Ketika menceritakan kisah di masa lalu, kadang kita perlu kembali lebih jauh ke belakang. past perfect menunjukkan bahwa satu tindakan terjadi sebelum tindakan lampau lainnya atau sebelum waktu tertentu di masa lalu.

BentukStrukturFokus dan contoh
Past perfect simplehad + past participleA completed action or result: When we arrived, the film had already started.
Past perfect continuoushad been + -ingAn activity in progress, or how long it lasted: Ines had been waiting for an hour when the bus came.
Negativehadn't + past participle / hadn't been + -ingI hadn't met him before the wedding.
Questionhad + subject + past participle / been + -ingHad you been working there long?

Bandingkan kedua bentuk ini. She had painted the room memberi tahu kita bahwa pekerjaannya sudah selesai. She had been painting the room berfokus pada kegiatannya, sering untuk menjelaskan sesuatu yang kita perhatikan: ada cat di pakaiannya. Kita sering memakai bentuk continuous dengan for dan since untuk menunjukkan lamanya.

Apakah selalu diperlukan?

Jika urutan peristiwa sudah jelas, misalnya dengan before atau after, past simple sering sudah cukup: After she locked the door, she went to bed. Tetapi dengan when, pilihan tense mengubah maknanya.

  • When I got to the platform, the train left. (I saw it leave.)
  • When I got to the platform, the train had left. (It was already gone.)
  • Yusuf was exhausted because he had been studying all night.
  • By the time the guests arrived, we had prepared everything.
  • The streets were wet. It had been raining.

Latihan 1 dari 2

Pilih bentuk yang benar

Pilih pilihan terbaik untuk melengkapi setiap kalimat.

  1. When we reached the cinema, the film _____, so we missed the beginning.

  2. Her eyes were red because she _____ onions.

  3. I didn't recognise Omar at first. I _____ him for ten years.

  4. By the time Leila retired, she _____ at the same school for 35 years.

  5. They _____ each other for years before they started the business.

  6. The ground was wet. It _____ all night.

  7. How long _____ before you found a job?

  8. When I opened the fridge, I saw that someone _____ all the cheese.

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Latihan 2 dari 2

Tulis past perfect

Ketik bentuk past perfect simple atau past perfect continuous dari kata kerja di dalam tanda kurung.

  1. When Amara got home, she realised she (leave) her keys at the office.

  2. Leo (fix) the old radio all morning, but it still didn't work.

  3. I (never / see) snow before I moved to Canada.

  4. By the end of the day, Tariq (write) twelve emails.

  5. She (not / eat) anything since breakfast, so she was very hungry.

  6. Yuki (read) the novel for a week, but she was still only on page 50.

  7. Ines was out of breath because she (run) for the bus.

  8. They (know) each other for ten years when they got married.

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