Joy English · レベル C1 · 仮定法joy-english.com

仮定法と改まった仮定表現

名前:日付:

改まった格調高い英語では、原形の仮定法、were、そして現在の非現実を表す過去形を使います。

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The committee requested that the report ___ submitted by noon.
- a) is
- b) would be
- c) be
- d) was
I'd rather you ___ anything about the surprise yet.
- a) don't say
- b) didn't say
- c) won't say
- d) not saying
It's high time the council ___ the repairs.
- a) begin
- b) began
- c) would begin
- d) to begin
He talks as though he ___ the owner of the company, although he joined last week.
- a) were
- b) is
- c) will be
- d) has
Which sentence uses the formal subjunctive?
- a) It is vital that he arrives on time.
- b) It is vital that he arriving on time.
- c) It is vital that he arrive on time.
- d) It is vital that he is arrive on time.
Be that as it ___, we must respect the decision.
- a) is
- b) will
- c) does
- d) may
Were she ___ the offer, she would have to move abroad.
- a) accept
- b) accepting
- c) to accept
- d) accepted
If it ___ not for her support, I would not be here today.
- a) would be
- b) were
- c) is
- d) had

空所に入る語または形を入力しましょう。適切な場所では、改まった仮定法を使ってください。

c) berequest + that の後では、改まった仮定法は動詞の原形を使います：be submitted。
b) didn't saywould rather + 別の主語の後では、現在や未来の意味を持つ過去形を使います。
b) beganit's high time の後では、今すべきことを述べるために過去形を使います。
a) were状況は現実ではないので、as though の後には were が続きます。
c) It is vital that he arrive on time.改まった仮定法は原形の arrive を使い、三人称の -s は付きません。
d) may決まった表現は Be that as it may です。
c) to accept改まった条件の倒置は、Were + 主語 + to + 不定詞を使います。
b) wereIf it were not for は、非現実の現在の状況を表す決まった型です。ここでは if の後に would be は続けられません。

remain / should remainessential that の後では、仮定法は原形の remain を使います。イギリス英語では should remain も認められます。
be / should bedemand that の後では、仮定法は be を使い、一致は起こりません。
didn't park / did not parkwould rather + 主語の後では、過去形を使います：didn't park。
left / were leavingit's time + 主語の後では、現在の意味を持つ過去形（または過去進行形）を使います：It's time we left。
Were改まった条件の倒置では、If it were not for が Were it not for に置き換わります。
be決まった表現は Far be it from me です。
owned非現実の現在の状況を表す as if の後には、過去形を使います：owned。
be completed / should be completed仮定法の受動態は be + 過去分詞です：be completed。