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Joy English · Level C1 · Keterampilan ujian umumjoy-english.com

Keterampilan ujian tingkat lanjut: key word transformation

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Latihan mandiri bergaya ujian tingkat lanjut yang umum, bukan tes resmi: tulis ulang kalimat dengan kata yang diberikan dan pilih kalimat yang maknanya paling dekat.

Lengkapi kalimat kedua

Lengkapi kalimat kedua agar maknanya sama dengan kalimat pertama. Gunakan kata berhuruf kapital tanpa mengubahnya dan tulis hanya kata yang hilang, dua sampai lima kata secara total.

  1. It was only when the lights went out that Mina noticed the noise. (NOTICE) Not until the lights went out ___ the noise.
  2. I regret not asking for advice before I signed the contract. (ASKED) I wish I ___ for advice before signing the contract.
  3. People think that the committee made an error. (THOUGHT) The committee ___ an error.
  4. They never expected the project to be finished so quickly. (EXPECT) Never ___ the project to be finished so quickly.
  5. Ravi was tired, but he kept working. (AS) Tired ___ was, Ravi kept working.
  6. The manager did not approve the plan because the budget was too small. (HAD) The manager would have approved the plan ___ larger.
  7. I am sure Jamal did not intend to upset you. (MEANT) Jamal ___ to upset you.
  8. Lena realised how tired she was as soon as she sat down. (SOONER) No ___ down than she realised how tired she was.

Makna paling dekat

Pilih kalimat yang maknanya paling dekat dengan kalimat yang diberikan.

  1. Hardly anyone turned up to the lecture.
    • a) Nobody at all attended the lecture.
    • b) Almost nobody attended the lecture.
    • c) Many people were absent, but most attended.
    • d) The lecture was cancelled.
  2. She might as well have stayed at home.
    • a) It would have been better if she had gone out.
    • b) She could not stay at home because of illness.
    • c) Going out achieved nothing, so staying at home would have been just as good.
    • d) She should have stayed at home to look after someone.
  3. Omar is not the sort of person to complain.
    • a) Omar complains very rarely, if at all.
    • b) Omar is not allowed to complain.
    • c) Omar always complains about something.
    • d) Omar does not know how to complain.
  4. The plan fell through.
    • a) The plan was approved at the last moment.
    • b) The plan failed to go ahead.
    • c) The plan was carried out successfully.
    • d) The plan was changed slightly.
  5. I couldn't help laughing.
    • a) I refused to laugh.
    • b) I was not able to assist anyone.
    • c) I laughed because someone asked me to.
    • d) I was unable to stop myself laughing.
  6. Had it not been for Aiko, we would have missed the deadline.
    • a) We missed the deadline because Aiko was absent.
    • b) Aiko did not know about the deadline.
    • c) Aiko missed the deadline, so we helped her.
    • d) Thanks to Aiko, we met the deadline.

Kunci jawaban

Lengkapi kalimat kedua

  1. did Mina notice / did mina noticeNot until di awal kalimat membutuhkan inversi: did + subjek + kata kerja bentuk dasar.
  2. had asked / 'd asked / had asked someone / 'd asked someoneWish tentang penyesalan di masa lalu memakai past perfect: had asked. Would have asked tidak dipakai setelah I wish untuk tindakan kita sendiri di masa lalu.
  3. is thought to have made / is thought to have committedPasif pelaporan untuk peristiwa masa lalu adalah is thought + to have + past participle.
  4. did they expect / had they expectedNever di awal membutuhkan inversi. Did they expect mempertahankan simple past dari kalimat pertama; had they expected juga mungkin.
  5. as heStruktur kata sifat + as + subjek + be menyatakan konsesi: Tired as he was. Pakai he, karena Ravi baru disebut kemudian dalam kalimat.
  6. had the budget been / if the budget had beenIni third conditional tentang masa lalu. Klausa if bisa diinversi (had the budget been) atau tetap memakai if (if the budget had been).
  7. can't have meant / cannot have meant / couldn't have meant / could not have meant / can't possibly have meant / cannot possibly have meant / couldn't possibly have meant / could not possibly have meant / certainly never meant / definitely never meantKeyakinan kuat tentang kemungkinan negatif di masa lalu dinyatakan dengan can't (atau couldn't) have + past participle. Certainly never meant juga mungkin.
  8. sooner had she sat / sooner had lena sat / sooner did she sit / sooner did lena sitNo sooner memakai inversi, biasanya dengan past perfect (had she sat), dan diikuti than. No sooner did she sit juga mungkin.

Makna paling dekat

  1. b) Almost nobody attended the lecture.Hardly anyone berarti hampir tidak ada orang, bukan benar-benar tidak ada orang.
  2. c) Going out achieved nothing, so staying at home would have been just as good.Might as well menunjukkan bahwa pilihan lainnya tidak punya keuntungan.
  3. a) Omar complains very rarely, if at all.Not the sort of person to menggambarkan sifat karakter: dia biasanya tidak akan mengeluh.
  4. b) The plan failed to go ahead.Fall through berarti suatu rencana gagal dan tidak terjadi.
  5. d) I was unable to stop myself laughing.Couldn't help + -ing berarti kamu tidak bisa menahan diri untuk melakukan sesuatu.
  6. d) Thanks to Aiko, we met the deadline.Had it not been for berarti tanpa bantuannya hasilnya akan berbeda, jadi kita berhasil memenuhi tenggat.

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