Joy English
Joy English

B2 文法

B2受動態20分

have something done と発展的な受動態

Have something done and advanced passives

ほかの人にしてもらう仕事について話し、助動詞、完了形、進行形の受動態を使います。

ほかの人が私たちのために仕事をしてくれるとき、通常は私たちがお金を払ったり頼んだりしたときに、have + object + past participle を使います。焦点は、仕事をした人ではなく結果にあります。Get + object + past participle も同じ意味で、少しくだけた言い方です。

時制例
Present simpleI have my hair cut every six weeks.
Past simpleWe had the kitchen painted last spring.
Present perfectHave you had your eyes tested recently?
going toMalik is going to have his bike repaired.
get (informal)She got her phone screen replaced in an hour.

同じ構造で、自分が手配したのではない、望ましくない出来事が自分に起きたことも表せます。Tomás had his flight cancelled because of the fog.

そのほかの受動態

形構造例
Modal passivemodal + be + past participleThe form must be signed by both parents.
Perfect passivehas / have / had been + past participleThe results have been published online.
Continuous passiveis / was being + past participleThe road is being repaired this week.
Passive -ing formbeing + past participleNobody likes being interrupted.
Reporting passiveit is said that... / subject + is said to...The castle is said to be 900 years old.

it is believed、it is thought、it is said のような伝聞の受動態は、情報源が一般的、または不明なときに、改まった文章でよく使われます。主語の後ろには to + 不定詞を使い、より前の行為には to have + 過去分詞を使います。

  • It is believed that the island was once joined to the mainland.
  • The new stadium is expected to open next year.
  • The bridge is thought to have been built around 1400.

練習問題 1/2

正しい形を選ぼう

各文を正しく完成させる選択肢を選んでください。

  1. I don't cut my own hair. I _____ at a salon near my office.

  2. We're _____ a new kitchen fitted next month.

  3. Where did you _____ your photos printed?

  4. The report _____ by Friday, so we need to start now.

  5. The new hospital _____ at the moment. It will open next year.

  6. Your application _____. We will contact you soon.

  7. The painting _____ to be worth a great deal of money.

  8. Ama _____ her passport renewed before the trip.

8問中0問回答

練習問題 2/2

受動態を書こう

かっこ内の語を正しい形にして入力してください。

  1. My laptop was very slow, so I (have / it / repair) at a shop in town.

  2. The bridge (close) since Monday because of the floods.

  3. The results will (announce) tomorrow morning.

  4. Sorry about the noise. Our bathroom (renovate) this week.

  5. Kwame is (have) his car serviced tomorrow.

  6. The old mill is believed to have (build) in the 15th century.

  7. It (say) that the lake has no bottom, but of course that isn't true.

  8. I hate (tell) what to do.

8問中0問回答

出典

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