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الأسوار الافتراضية: هل هي مفيدة للمزارع والطبيعة؟

Virtual fences: good for farms and nature?

اقرأ مقتطفًا من تقرير لـ VOA Learning English يقارن بين الأسوار التقليدية والأسوار الافتراضية القائمة على GPS للماشية.

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في بعض المزارع، تضع الماشية الآن أطواقًا مزودة بأجهزة استقبال GPS. وعندما يقترب الحيوان من خط غير مرئي رسمه المزارع على هاتف أو حاسوب، يُصدر الطوق صوت تحذير ثم يوجّه صعقة كهربائية صغيرة. وهذا ما يُسمى السور الافتراضي. يستخدمه جيم ستريكلاند، وهو مربّي ماشية في فلوريدا، في الأرض التي يعمل فيها. اقرأ هذا الجزء من تقرير لـ VOA Learning English عن الأسوار التقليدية والفوائد المحتملة للأسوار الافتراضية.

rancherاسم
شخص يملك أو يدير مزرعة كبيرة تُربّى فيها الماشية أو حيوانات أخرىThe rancher checks his cattle every morning.
grazingاسم
حيوانات تأكل العشب في حقل؛ وتعني أيضًا الأرض المستخدمة لذلكThe hills are used for sheep grazing in summer.
hurricaneاسم
عاصفة قوية جدًا برياح عنيفة، خاصة في غرب المحيط الأطلسيThe hurricane damaged many roofs along the coast.
cell towerاسم
بنية عالية ترسل إشارات الهاتف المحمول وتستقبلهاThere is no signal here because the nearest cell tower is far away.
nestingصفة
بناء الأعشاش أو الجلوس عليها من أجل وضع البيض وتربية الصغارDogs must be kept on a lead near nesting seabirds.

Virtual Fences for Cows Show Benefits

Physical fences take time, labor and money to build. It can be difficult to put them in areas such as rocky and hilly land, wet areas, or places with thick vegetation. Over time, fences need to be fixed or new ones need to be built.

When hurricane Ian hit Florida last year, it destroyed four houses and 45 kilometers of physical fence on the land where Strickland works. But the cell towers for the virtual fence system kept working.

Physical fences can also harm wild animals by making it difficult for them to move within and to areas they need for survival.

The Nature Conservancy (TNC) is a U.S-based environmental non-profit organization. It has partnered with cattle ranches in the states of Kansas, New Mexico and Colorado to research the effects of virtual fencing.

William Burnidge is Deputy Director of TNC’s North America Regenerative Grazing Lands Strategy. He said that by changing fence boundaries, the systems prevent animals from eating too much vegetation within one area. This helps plants regenerate, or grow again.

He added that virtual fences could help protect rare plants and areas near rivers and streams. They could also support conservation of wild animals, improve the health of animals and help ranch workers have a better quality of life.

Strickland works with partners at Florida Conservation Group and the University of Florida. With virtual fences, they can carefully control grazing. This helps them research the effects of grazing patterns on the growth of young cows, birth rates, and even the effects on nesting birds.

التمرين 1 من 2

افهم النص

اقرأ النص. اختر الإجابة الصحيحة.

  1. What does the text say about physical fences?

  2. Where is it especially difficult to put physical fences?

  3. What happened when Hurricane Ian hit Florida?

  4. How can physical fences harm wild animals?

  5. What is The Nature Conservancy?

  6. According to William Burnidge, how do virtual fences help plants?

  7. Burnidge believes virtual fences could improve life for ranch workers.
  8. What do Strickland and his partners study with the help of virtual fences?

تمت الإجابة عن 0 من 8

التمرين 2 من 2

كلمات وتفاصيل

اختر أفضل إجابة، أو اكتب كلمة واحدة من النص.

  1. "places with thick vegetation" Vegetation means ...

  2. The text explains that regenerate means to grow .

  3. TNC "has partnered with cattle ranches". This means it has ...

  4. Virtual fences "could also support conservation of wild animals". Conservation means ...

  5. TNC works with cattle ranches in Kansas, New Mexico and .

  6. The text mentions a better quality of life. This means ...

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المصدر

Text excerpt from “Virtual Fences for Cows Show Benefits”, Science & Technology, VOA Learning English, published 2024-03-06. Andrew Smith wrote this story for VOA Learning English. Public domain.

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Excerpt of 7 consecutive paragraphs. Questions, notes and glossary by Joy English.

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