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口調や態度を表す語

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wry、sardonic、deferential、ambivalent、scathing、wistful などの形容詞で、声や文章の裏にある気持ちを言い表します。

口調を言い当てる

各文を最もよく完成させる語、または意味を最もよく説明する語を選びましょう。

"Oh, marvellous, another delay," said Ines, with a hard little smile. Her comment was ___.
- a) effusive
- b) deferential
- c) sardonic
- d) ambivalent
He gave a ___ smile, as if the mix-up amused him rather than annoyed him.
- a) wry
- b) scathing
- c) guarded
- d) impassioned
The junior clerk was almost ___ towards the director, standing until she told him to sit.
- a) effusive
- b) dismissive
- c) detached
- d) deferential
I feel ___ about the job offer: the salary is excellent, but I would have to leave my team.
- a) wistful
- b) ambivalent
- c) condescending
- d) dismissive
An "impassioned" speech is one that is ...
- a) spoken with strong feeling
- b) spoken in a flat voice
- c) spoken with gentle humour
- d) spoken to avoid the point
If a manager's response to a worry is "dismissive", she ...
- a) agrees at once
- b) asks for more detail
- c) treats the concern as unimportant
- d) apologises first
An "effusive" welcome is one that is ...
- a) cold and brief
- b) enthusiastic and gushing
- c) formal and respectful
- d) cautious and vague
A "guarded" answer is one that is ...
- a) generous with details
- b) angry and loud
- c) humorous and relaxed
- d) careful not to reveal much

このリストの語を1つずつ使って、各文を完成させましょう。各語は1回だけ使います：scathing, detached, condescending, wistful, impassioned, dismissive, effusive, guarded。

The judge was ___ about the lawyer's argument, calling it "lazy, careless and misleading".
After the concert, the audience was ___ in its praise, calling it the finest performance in years.
Her ___ plea for more funding moved even the sceptics in the room.
A good referee remains ___, showing no sign of favouring either side.
Do not be so ___ about my idea; at least listen to the whole proposal before you reject it.
The old sailor's ___ voice as he described the harbour of his youth made the young listeners go quiet.
Pat explained the basic function in such a ___ way, as if I could not possibly have used a computer before.
The witness was ___ throughout, answering each question in as few words as possible and volunteering nothing.

c) sardonic言葉とは反対の意味を持つ、苦々しく嘲るようなユーモアは sardonic です。
a) wry穏やかで乾いたおかしみは wry です。Scathing は辛辣な批判、impassioned は強い感情にあふれた様子になります。
d) deferential相手の権威に従って敬意を示すことは deferential です。
b) ambivalent相反する気持ちを持つことは ambivalent です。
a) spoken with strong feelingImpassioned は、強く真摯な感情を込めて表現された言葉を表します。
c) treats the concern as unimportantDismissive は、物事を真剣に考える価値がないものとして扱うという意味です。
b) enthusiastic and gushingEffusive は、大きな、時に行き過ぎた熱意を表すという意味です。
d) careful not to reveal muchGuarded は、明かすことに慎重で用心深いという意味です。

scathing / withering / damning / scornful / critical厳しく辛辣な批判は scathing です。
effusive / lavish / fulsome / unstinting / generous / warm熱のこもった、あふれるような称賛は effusive です。
impassioned / passionate / heartfelt / emotional / eloquent強い感情を込めた訴えは impassioned です。
detached / neutral / impartial / objective / unbiased感情的に関わらず客観的なのは detached です。
dismissive / negative真剣に考えずに退けることは dismissive です。
wistful / nostalgic / melancholy過去を懐かしむ、穏やかで少し悲しい気持ちは wistful です。
condescending / patronising / patronizing聞き手を自分より劣っているかのように扱うのは condescending です。
guarded / cautious / reticent / evasive / careful何も明かさないよう注意しているのは guarded です。