Joy English · Nivel B2 · Carreras y cambiosjoy-english.com

Test 1: Carreras y cambios

Nombre:Fecha:

Un test mixto de gramática y vocabulario sobre cambiar de carrera: elige la palabra correcta, escribe palabras que faltan y forma palabras nuevas.

Parte 1: Huecos de opción múltiple

Elige la palabra o expresión que mejor completa cada frase.

After twelve years in banking, Lena decided it was time to ___ a complete change of direction.
- a) do
- b) make
- c) take
- d) give
Many people stay in jobs they dislike because they are afraid of ___ risks.
- a) making
- b) doing
- c) putting
- d) taking
Kofi's new role involves a ___ learning curve, but he is enjoying the challenge.
- a) steep
- b) high
- c) deep
- d) tall
Sofia spent a year retraining as a nurse, and her hard work ___ off when she was offered a permanent post.
- a) turned
- b) gave
- c) paid
- d) set
___ having no formal qualifications in design, Tomás was hired because of his impressive portfolio.
- a) In spite
- b) Even though
- c) Nevertheless
- d) Despite
Mina handed in her ___ on Friday and will start her new job next month.
- a) resignation
- b) retirement
- c) dismissal
- d) redundancy
If Ravi ___ the advice of his careers adviser, he would never have become an architect.
- a) followed
- b) would follow
- c) had followed
- d) has followed
Employers increasingly value ___ skills, such as teamwork and communication.
- a) light
- b) soft
- c) weak
- d) mild

Escribe una palabra en cada hueco.

___ I known how much I would enjoy teaching, I would have changed careers years ago.
___ he enjoys his current job, Jamal feels he needs a new challenge.
The company offers training to employees ___ want to move into management.
Working long hours did not bother her ___ all, because she loved the job.
It's never ___ late to learn new skills, whatever your age.
Aiko's experience in customer service turned ___ to be very useful in her new sales role.
For many people, a career change brings ___ greater sense of purpose.
___ matter how successful you are, it is normal to have doubts before a big change.

Usa la palabra en MAYÚSCULAS al final de cada frase para formar una palabra que encaje en el hueco. Escribe una sola palabra.

In today's job market, ___ is often more valuable than a single specialist skill. (FLEXIBLE)
Leaving a well-paid job without another offer may seem ___, but Sofia had saved enough to support herself for a year. (RESPONSIBLE)
The rapid ___ of new technology is changing many traditional jobs. (DEVELOP)
Tomás had expected the job to be easy, but he found the first few months ___ challenging. (SURPRISE)
Most career coaches agree that job ___ comes from doing work that matches your values. (SATISFY)
Mina's ___ as a project manager were rewarded with a promotion. (ACHIEVE)
When the factory closed, hundreds of workers suddenly found themselves ___. (EMPLOY)
Retraining can be expensive, but some employers offer ___ support to staff who want to change roles. (FINANCE)

b) makeLa colocación es make a change. No decimos do a change ni give a change.
d) takingLa colocación es take a risk; después de la preposición of usamos la forma -ing: taking.
a) steepUna steep learning curve significa que tienes que aprender mucho muy rápido.
c) paidPay off significa dar buen resultado después de mucho esfuerzo.
d) DespiteDespite va seguido directamente de una forma -ing. In spite necesita of, even though necesita una oración, y nevertheless une dos frases.
a) resignationEntregas (hand in) tu resignation cuando decides dejar un trabajo. Dismissal y redundancy los decide la empresa.
c) had followedEste es el tercer condicional sobre un pasado irreal: if + pasado perfecto, would have + participio pasado.
b) softLas soft skills son habilidades personales y sociales, en contraste con las habilidades técnicas.

hadEste es un tercer condicional invertido: Had I known significa If I had known.
although / though / while / whilstNecesitamos una palabra que introduzca una oración de contraste. Although, though, while y whilst funcionan todas.
who / thatUna oración de relativo especificativa sobre personas lleva who o that.
atNot ... at all refuerza una negación.
tooLa expresión fija es it's never too late to do something.
outTurn out to be significa resultar ser, a menudo de una forma que no esperabas.
aSense es contable aquí, así que un sintagma nominal en singular necesita el artículo a.
noNo matter how significa however («por mucho que»): no cambia la situación.

flexibilityEl hueco es el sujeto de la frase, así que necesitamos un sustantivo: flexibility.
irresponsibleBut muestra un contraste con el hecho de que había ahorrado dinero, así que el adjetivo es negativo: irresponsible.
developmentDespués de the rapid necesitamos un sustantivo. Develop + -ment da development.
surprisinglyEsperaba que fuera fácil, así que la dificultad fue una sorpresa. Necesitamos un adverbio antes de challenging: surprisingly.
satisfactionJob satisfaction es un sintagma nominal habitual que significa la sensación agradable que te da tu trabajo.
achievementsEl verbo were muestra que necesitamos un sustantivo plural: achievements.
unemployedLa fábrica cerró, así que perdieron su trabajo. Necesitamos el adjetivo negativo unemployed.
financialAntes del sustantivo support necesitamos un adjetivo. Financial support significa ayuda con dinero.