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الأخوان رايت وأول رحلة بمحرك

الاسم:التاريخ:

اقرأ مقتطفًا من تقرير لـ VOA Learning English عن أولى رحلات الأخوين رايت بمحرك وما حدث في السنوات التالية.

Wilbur and Orville Wright: The First Airplane

By the autumn of 1903, Wilbur and Orville had designed and built an airplane powered by a gasoline engine. The plane had wings 12 meters across. It weighed about 340 kilograms, including the pilot.

On December 17th, 1903, they made the world's first flight in a machine that was heavier than air and powered by an engine. Orville flew the plane 36 meters. He was in the air for 12 seconds. The two brothers made three more flights that day.

Four other men watched the Wright brothers' first flights. One of the men took pictures. Few newspapers, however, noted the event.

It was almost five years before the Wright brothers became famous. In 1908, Wilbur went to France. He gave demonstration flights at heights of 90 meters. A French company agreed to begin making the Wright brothers' flying machine.

Orville made successful flights in the United States at the time Wilbur was in France. The United States War Department agreed to buy a Wright brothers' plane. Wilbur and Orville suddenly became world heroes. But the brothers were not seeking fame. They returned to Dayton where they continued to improve their airplanes. They taught many others how to fly.

Wilbur Wright died of typhoid fever in 1912. Orville Wright continued designing and inventing until he died many years later, in 1948.

Today, the Wright brothers' first airplane is in the Air and Space Museum in Washington, D.C. Visitors to the museum can look at the Wright brothers' small plane. Then they can walk to another area and see space vehicles and a rock collected from the moon. The world has changed a lot since Wilbur and Orville Wright began the modern age of flight over one hundred years ago.

افهم النص

اقرأ النص. اختر الإجابة الصحيحة.

  1. What was special about the flight on December 17th, 1903?
    • a) It was the first flight of a balloon filled with gas.
    • b) It was the first flight of a machine that was heavier than air and had an engine.
    • c) It was the first flight across the Atlantic Ocean.
  2. How long did Orville stay in the air on the first flight?
    • a) Three minutes
    • b) 36 seconds
    • c) 12 seconds
  3. The first flights received a lot of attention in the newspapers.
    • a) True
    • b) False
  4. How long did it take for the brothers to become famous?
    • a) Almost five years
    • b) A few days
    • c) More than twenty years
  5. What happened in France in 1908?
    • a) Orville taught French pilots to fly.
    • b) Wilbur gave demonstration flights, and a company agreed to build their machine.
    • c) The brothers sold their first airplane to a museum.
  6. How did the brothers react when they suddenly became world heroes?
    • a) They moved to France permanently.
    • b) They stopped working on airplanes.
    • c) They went back to Dayton and kept improving their airplanes.
  7. Which statement about the brothers' later lives is true?
    • a) Wilbur lived longer than Orville.
    • b) Orville kept designing and inventing until he died in 1948.
    • c) Both brothers died in 1912.
  8. What is the main point of the final paragraph?
    • a) Flight has developed enormously since the Wright brothers' first airplane.
    • b) The first airplane is too small to be displayed in a museum.
    • c) Visitors prefer the space vehicles to the Wright airplane.

كلمات وتفاصيل

اختر أفضل إجابة، أو اكتب كلمة أو رقمًا من النص.

  1. The plane's wings were ___ meters across.
  2. Including the pilot, the plane weighed about ___ kilograms.
  3. ___ other men watched the brothers' first flights.
  4. "But the brothers were not seeking fame." Seeking means ...
    • a) avoiding
    • b) trying to get
    • c) enjoying
  5. The United States War ___ agreed to buy a Wright brothers' plane.
  6. "... since Wilbur and Orville Wright began the modern age of flight." Here, age means ...
    • a) a period of history
    • b) how old a person is
    • c) a type of engine

مفتاح الإجابات

افهم النص

  1. b) It was the first flight of a machine that was heavier than air and had an engine.يقول النص إنها كانت أول رحلة في العالم بآلة أثقل من الهواء ويدفعها محرك.
  2. c) 12 secondsطار أورفيل مسافة 36 مترًا وبقي في الجو 12 ثانية. لا تخلط بين المسافة والزمن.
  3. b) Falseيقول النص: لكن قليلًا من الصحف أشارت إلى الحدث.
  4. a) Almost five yearsمرّت قرابة خمس سنوات قبل أن يصبح الأخوان رايت مشهورين، في عام 1908.
  5. b) Wilbur gave demonstration flights, and a company agreed to build their machine.قدّم ويلبر رحلات استعراضية، ووافقت شركة فرنسية على البدء في تصنيع الآلة الطائرة.
  6. c) They went back to Dayton and kept improving their airplanes.لم يكونا يسعيان إلى الشهرة. فقد عادا إلى دايتون، وحسّنا طائراتهما وعلّما آخرين الطيران.
  7. b) Orville kept designing and inventing until he died in 1948.توفي ويلبر في عام 1912. واستمر أورفيل في التصميم والاختراع حتى عام 1948.
  8. a) Flight has developed enormously since the Wright brothers' first airplane.يعرض المتحف الطائرة الأولى الصغيرة بالقرب من المركبات الفضائية وصخرة من القمر، ويقول الكاتب إن العالم تغيّر كثيرًا منذ ذلك الحين.

كلمات وتفاصيل

  1. 12 / twelveيقول النص: كان عرض جناحي الطائرة 12 مترًا.
  2. 340 / three hundred and forty / three hundred fortyكان وزنها نحو 340 كيلوغرامًا، بما في ذلك الطيار.
  3. Four / 4يقول النص: شاهد أربعة رجال آخرون أولى رحلات الأخوين رايت.
  4. b) trying to getالسعي إلى شيء ما (seek) يعني محاولة الحصول عليه أو إيجاده.
  5. Departmentيقول النص: وافقت وزارة الحرب الأمريكية على شراء طائرة من الأخوين رايت.
  6. a) a period of historyقد تعني كلمة Age فترة من التاريخ، كما في عصر الطيران الحديث.