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Woodrow Wilson antes de la Casa Blanca

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Lee un fragmento de un reportaje de VOA Learning English sobre la formación, el trabajo académico y los primeros pasos en la vida pública de Woodrow Wilson.

Woodrow Wilson: Idealist

Wilson’s early life was marked by poor health and a passion for learning. His education included tutoring by Confederate soldiers, classes with his father, a year at Davidson College, a bachelor’s degree from the school now called Princeton, one year of law school, and a doctoral degree in history and political science from the University of Johns Hopkins.

He remains, so far, the only president with a Ph.D.

Wilson’s academic interests were in government, and how it could be most effective. Even as a young man, he supported the idea of a strong executive, either a prime minister or a president.

He wrote a number of books, including a biography of George Washington, and a history of the United States. He also taught popular classes at several colleges, including Bryn Mawr in Pennsylvania, Wesleyan in Connecticut, and Princeton in New Jersey.

In time, Wilson became the president of Princeton. He made major reforms to the school until some faculty and alumni resisted his efforts.

Wilson had always been interested in political power. The Democratic Party in New Jersey became interested in Wilson when they were looking for a candidate with an honest public image.

In truth, party officials believed he would be a weak leader whom they could influence. Wilson surprised them by winning the seat as New Jersey governor easily, and then rejecting their efforts to control him.

He went on to pass major reform legislation in New Jersey that reduced corruption and protected the rights of workers. His actions drew the attention of Democratic Party leaders seeking a candidate for president in 1912.

Comprende el texto

Lee el texto. Elige la respuesta correcta.

  1. What was Wilson's early life like?
    • a) He was very healthy and loved sport.
    • b) He was often ill and loved learning.
    • c) He travelled a lot with his family.
  2. Wilson is the only U.S. president so far with a Ph.D.
    • a) True
    • b) False
  3. What were Wilson's academic interests?
    • a) Medicine and science
    • b) Art and music
    • c) Government and how it could work best
  4. Which of these did Wilson write?
    • a) A biography of George Washington
    • b) A guide to New Jersey
    • c) A history of Princeton
  5. What happened when Wilson made major reforms at Princeton?
    • a) Everyone supported him.
    • b) Some faculty and alumni resisted his efforts.
    • c) He lost his job immediately.
  6. Why did the Democratic Party in New Jersey become interested in Wilson?
    • a) He had an honest public image.
    • b) He was very rich.
    • c) He was a famous soldier.
  7. According to the text, what did party officials really believe about Wilson?
    • a) He would refuse to become governor.
    • b) He would lose the election.
    • c) He would be a weak leader they could influence.
  8. What did Wilson do as governor?
    • a) He built new universities.
    • b) He passed reforms that reduced corruption and protected workers' rights.
    • c) He let party officials control him.

Palabras y detalles

Elige la mejor respuesta o escribe una palabra o un número del texto.

  1. Wilson had "a passion for learning". A passion is ...
    • a) a very strong interest
    • b) a small problem
    • c) a fear
  2. Wilson spent one year at ___ school.
  3. Wilson's education included classes with his ___.
  4. "Wilson surprised them by winning the seat as New Jersey governor easily." This means the party officials ...
    • a) had helped him a lot
    • b) had not expected him to win so easily
    • c) had chosen another candidate
  5. Wilson was "rejecting their efforts to control him". This means he was ...
    • a) accepting their help
    • b) asking them for advice
    • c) refusing to let them control him
  6. Democratic Party leaders were looking for a presidential candidate in ___.

Respuestas

Comprende el texto

  1. b) He was often ill and loved learning.El texto dice que su infancia estuvo marcada por la mala salud y una pasión por aprender.
  2. a) TrueEl texto dice: He remains, so far, the only president with a Ph.D.
  3. c) Government and how it could work bestSus intereses académicos estaban en el gobierno y en cómo podía ser más eficaz.
  4. a) A biography of George WashingtonEscribió varios libros, entre ellos una biografía de George Washington y una historia de los Estados Unidos.
  5. b) Some faculty and alumni resisted his efforts.Hizo grandes reformas hasta que algunos profesores y antiguos alumnos se resistieron a sus esfuerzos.
  6. a) He had an honest public image.Buscaban a un candidato con una imagen pública honesta.
  7. c) He would be a weak leader they could influence.En realidad, los dirigentes del partido creían que sería un líder débil en quien podrían influir.
  8. b) He passed reforms that reduced corruption and protected workers' rights.Aprobó importantes leyes de reforma que redujeron la corrupción y protegieron los derechos de los trabajadores.

Palabras y detalles

  1. a) a very strong interestUna pasión es un interés o amor muy fuerte por algo.
  2. lawSu formación incluyó un año de la facultad de Derecho.
  3. fatherEl texto menciona clases particulares, clases con su padre, la universidad, la facultad de Derecho y un doctorado.
  4. b) had not expected him to win so easilySi algo te sorprende, es que no lo esperabas.
  5. c) refusing to let them control himRechazar algo significa negarse a aceptarlo o decirle que no.
  6. 1912Su trabajo como gobernador atrajo la atención de los dirigentes del partido, que buscaban un candidato a la presidencia en 1912.