Joy English · Nivel B2 · Ciencia y tecnologíajoy-english.com

Thomas Edison: un inventor en acción

Nombre:Fecha:

Lee un reportaje de VOA Learning English sobre la infancia de Thomas Edison, su forma de trabajar y los inventos que más valoraba.

Thomas Edison: Inventor and Busy Team Leader

The inventor Thomas Alva Edison had a major effect on the lives of people around the world. Thomas Edison is remembered most for the electric light, his phonograph, and his work with motion pictures.

Edison was born on February 11, 1847, in Milan, Ohio. He was mostly self-taught. His mother taught him reading, writing, and mathematics. He learned from books, and he experimented.

At the age of 10, he experimented with chemicals and electricity. He built a telegraph machine and, at the age of 16, he went to work as a telegraph operator.

He continued his work with electricity, making improved telegraph machines, and he invented an electrical voting machine.

Edison earned enough money from his early inventions to start his own company in 1871. Instead of working alone, he worked with a group of employees on many different projects at one time. They asked the United States government for patents to protect more than one hundred devices or inventions each year. He was an extremely busy man.

In 1913, a popular magazine at the time called Thomas Edison the most useful man in America.

He almost never slept more than four or five hours a night. He usually worked 18 hours each day because he enjoyed what he was doing.

A reporter asked Edison in 1917 which of his many inventions he enjoyed the most. He answered, the phonograph was really the most interesting. The hardest invention to develop, he said, was the electric light. He said that it was the most difficult and the most important. He also invented the modern motion picture film.

In 1928, he received a special medal of honor from the Congress of the United States. Thomas Edison died on January 6, 1931. People worldwide have had easier and more enjoyable lives because of his inventions.

Comprende el texto

Lee el texto. Elige la respuesta correcta.

  1. How did Edison get most of his education?
    • a) At a famous university
    • b) Mostly by teaching himself, with lessons from his mother
    • c) From the employees at his company
  2. What did Edison do at the age of 16?
    • a) He went to work as a telegraph operator.
    • b) He started his own company.
    • c) He invented the phonograph.
  3. Edison preferred to work alone on one project at a time.
    • a) True
    • b) False
  4. Why did Edison's team ask the government for patents?
    • a) To get money for their research
    • b) To avoid paying taxes
    • c) To protect their devices and inventions
  5. According to the text, why did Edison usually work 18 hours a day?
    • a) He needed the money.
    • b) He enjoyed what he was doing.
    • c) His company required it.
  6. Which invention did Edison say was the most interesting?
    • a) The electric light
    • b) The motion picture film
    • c) The phonograph
  7. Which invention did he describe as both the most difficult and the most important?
    • a) The electric light
    • b) The telegraph
    • c) The electrical voting machine
  8. A magazine once called Edison the most useful man in America.
    • a) True
    • b) False

Palabras y detalles

Elige la mejor respuesta, o escribe una palabra o un número del texto.

  1. Edison "had a major effect on the lives of people around the world". This means he ...
    • a) greatly influenced their lives
    • b) made their lives more difficult
    • c) knew many of them personally
  2. Edison started his own company in ___.
  3. "He was an extremely busy man." Extremely means ...
    • a) slightly
    • b) very
    • c) sometimes
  4. He almost never slept more than four or five ___ a night.
  5. "People worldwide have had easier and more enjoyable lives." Worldwide means ...
    • a) only in the United States
    • b) in the future
    • c) in many countries around the world
  6. In 1928, Edison received a special medal of honor from the ___ of the United States.

Respuestas

Comprende el texto

  1. b) Mostly by teaching himself, with lessons from his motherFue en gran parte autodidacta. Su madre le enseñó lectura, escritura y matemáticas, y él aprendió con libros y experimentos.
  2. a) He went to work as a telegraph operator.A los 16 años empezó a trabajar como telegrafista.
  3. b) FalseEn lugar de trabajar solo, trabajaba con un grupo de empleados en muchos proyectos a la vez.
  4. c) To protect their devices and inventionsSolicitaban patentes para proteger más de cien aparatos o inventos cada año.
  5. b) He enjoyed what he was doing.Normalmente trabajaba 18 horas al día porque disfrutaba con lo que hacía.
  6. c) The phonographRespondió que el fonógrafo era en realidad lo más interesante.
  7. a) The electric lightEl invento más difícil de desarrollar, dijo, fue la luz eléctrica, y también fue el más importante.
  8. a) TrueEn 1913, una revista popular lo llamó el hombre más útil de Estados Unidos.

Palabras y detalles

  1. a) greatly influenced their livesUn efecto importante es una gran influencia.
  2. 1871Ganó suficiente dinero con sus primeros inventos para fundar su propia empresa en 1871.
  3. b) veryExtremely significa muy o en un grado muy alto.
  4. hoursEl texto dice que casi nunca dormía más de cuatro o cinco horas por noche.
  5. c) in many countries around the worldWorldwide significa en todo el mundo o en muchas partes del mundo.
  6. CongressRecibió la medalla del Congreso de los Estados Unidos.