Joy English · 레벨 C2 · 의견 칼럼joy-english.com

줄서기에 관한 짧은 논문

이름:날짜:

줄서기의 불문율을 다룬 아이러니한 칼럼입니다. 근엄한 척하는 어조, 과장, 농담 뒤에 숨은 요점을 알아보는 연습을 합니다.

A short treatise on standing in line

Every country is said to have a national pastime, and it is a mark of how thoroughly we misunderstand ourselves that ours is usually given as a sport or the weather, when it is plainly the queue. Nobody has ever been taught to queue. We absorb the skill in childhood, as we absorb a regional accent, and we practise it with the unconscious devotion of a people who have never been asked to justify it.

Consider the structure of the thing. A queue is a society in miniature, with a constitution that nobody has written and everybody can recite. The first principle is that arrival confers rights: the one who came first shall be served first, and no argument, however ingenious, about the urgency of one's errand will be entertained. The second is that all grievances must be expressed through the sideways glance, the sigh pitched just below the level of speech, and the shifting of weight from one foot to the other. Open complaint is regarded as a failure of character.

The queue-jumper, naturally, is the villain of the piece, and nothing reveals the delicacy of the system like the manner in which he is dealt with. He is not confronted. He is not even, strictly speaking, noticed. Instead, a faint chill descends upon the surrounding air, and a small chorus of people who are all studying the ceiling with unusual attention conveys to him, more eloquently than any speech, that he has been entered in a ledger from which he will not easily be removed.

I have lately begun to suspect that this is a more efficient form of justice than any court provides. It is swift, it is free, and it requires no evidence beyond the shared conviction of thirty strangers. Its only defect is that the offender frequently fails to understand that he has been sentenced, and goes on to buy his stamps in perfect contentment, unaware that he has been condemned to a lifetime of disapproval on the part of the woman standing behind him.

There is, of course, a darker side. A people that finds it easier to suffer in silence than to say, "Excuse me, I believe I was next," has, one might argue, surrendered something precious. I once watched a man wait forty minutes in the wrong queue rather than ask anyone whether it was the right one. His patience was admirable. His destination, regrettably, was a different counter in a different building.

The modern age has attempted to abolish the queue by means of the ticket machine, the app and the virtual waiting room, all of which promise that one may stand in line without standing at all. I wish them well, but I am sceptical. A queue that cannot be seen cannot be policed, and a queue that cannot be policed is merely a list. Within a week of the introduction of the new system at my local post office, I noticed that people had begun to form, quite spontaneously, a second queue of those waiting to use the machine.

That seems to me a hopeful sign. We may lose our patience, our small change and, eventually, our post offices, but we shall never entirely lose the instinct to stand behind one another and mind our own business loudly. If civilisation does fall, I imagine that the first sound of its recovery will be a small, dry cough, followed by the words: "I think you will find that is the end of the line."

글 이해하기

글을 꼼꼼히 읽고 가장 알맞은 답을 고르세요. 일부 문제는 글에 명시된 내용이 아니라 글쓴이가 암시하는 내용을 묻습니다.

  1. What is the writer's main aim in the column?
    • a) To amuse readers by treating an everyday habit as a serious social institution, while making a gentle point about it
    • b) To teach foreign visitors how to queue correctly
    • c) To argue that queues should be abolished entirely
    • d) To report on a recent change in post office rules
  2. What does the comparison with "a regional accent" suggest about queueing?
    • a) It differs greatly from one town to another
    • b) It is difficult to change once learned
    • c) It is learned unconsciously from the people around us
    • d) It is mainly a matter of how people speak
  3. What does "a constitution that nobody has written and everybody can recite" mean?
    • a) The rules are unwritten but universally known
    • b) The rules are written in a very long document
    • c) Nobody understands the rules
    • d) Only officials know the rules
  4. According to paragraph 2, how do people usually show annoyance in a queue?
    • a) By speaking loudly to the staff
    • b) By leaving the queue at once
    • c) By writing formal complaints
    • d) Indirectly, through small gestures and sounds
  5. How is the queue-jumper dealt with?
    • a) He is politely asked to move to the back
    • b) He is silently made to feel disapproved of
    • c) He is reported to a manager
    • d) He is served first to avoid a scene
  6. What is the tone of the paragraph that calls queue behaviour "a more efficient form of justice"?
    • a) Angry and bitter criticism
    • b) Cold and scientific analysis
    • c) Sad and nostalgic regret
    • d) Playful exaggeration with a half-serious point
  7. What point is made by the man who waited in the wrong queue?
    • a) Queues at post offices are too long
    • b) Excessive reluctance to speak up can be absurdly costly
    • c) People should always leave a slow queue
    • d) Forty minutes is a reasonable time to wait
  8. What does the writer suggest by the second queue formed at the machine?
    • a) The instinct to queue survives even new technology
    • b) The new system works perfectly
    • c) People dislike the post office
    • d) The machine is too difficult to use

단어와 세부 내용

문맥에서 가장 알맞은 의미를 고르거나 빠진 단어를 입력하세요.

  1. In paragraph 1, "devotion" suggests that people queue with
    • a) great reluctance
    • b) sudden enthusiasm
    • c) loyal, unquestioning commitment
    • d) religious feeling only
  2. In paragraph 2, "ingenious" describes an argument that is
    • a) clever and inventive
    • b) rude and loud
    • c) long and boring
    • d) dishonest and weak
  3. In paragraph 2, "grievances" are
    • a) pieces of luggage
    • b) forms to be filled in
    • c) complaints about unfair treatment
    • d) rewards for patience
  4. "More eloquently than any speech" means that the silent chorus communicates
    • a) more quietly than a speech
    • b) in a more expressive and powerful way than words would
    • c) at greater length
    • d) with less accuracy
  5. In paragraph 6, "sceptical" means
    • a) delighted
    • b) confident
    • c) confused
    • d) doubtful
  6. A queue that cannot be policed is merely a ___. (one word)
  7. The queue-jumper is described as the ___ of the piece. (one word)

정답

글 이해하기

  1. a) To amuse readers by treating an everyday habit as a serious social institution, while making a gentle point about it근엄한 척하는 어조(“constitution”, “justice”, “sentence”)는 유머러스하지만, 그는 사회적 습관에 대한 가벼운 관찰도 함께 제시합니다.
  2. c) It is learned unconsciously from the people around us우리는 수업 없이 억양을 흡수하며, 글쓴이는 줄서기도 같은 방식으로 흡수한다고 말합니다.
  3. a) The rules are unwritten but universally known이 표현은 역설입니다. 문서는 존재하지 않지만 모두가 규칙이 무엇인지 압니다.
  4. d) Indirectly, through small gestures and sounds불만은 “the sideways glance”(곁눈질)와 “the sigh pitched just below the level of speech”(말소리 바로 아래 높이의 한숨)로 표현되며, 드러내 놓고 불평하는 것은 눈총을 받습니다.
  5. b) He is silently made to feel disapproved of그는 면전에서 지적받지도, 주목받지도 않습니다. 못마땅해하는 분위기가 메시지를 전합니다.
  6. d) Playful exaggeration with a half-serious point글쓴이는 그 생각을 진지하게 받아들이는 척하지만, “a lifetime of disapproval”(평생의 못마땅함)과 우체국 농담은 그가 웃음을 위해 과장하고 있음을 보여 줍니다.
  7. b) Excessive reluctance to speak up can be absurdly costly그의 “admirable”(훌륭한) 인내심은 간단한 질문 하나를 하려 하지 않아서 헛수고가 되었으며, 이것이 “darker side”(어두운 면)입니다.
  8. a) The instinct to queue survives even new technology사람들이 자발적으로 줄을 다시 만들었고, 글쓴이는 이를 그 습관이 이어진다는 “hopeful sign”(희망적인 신호)으로 받아들입니다.

단어와 세부 내용

  1. c) loyal, unquestioning commitmentDevotion은 강한 헌신을 뜻하며, 농담의 핵심은 그것이 무의식적이라는 점입니다.
  2. a) clever and inventiveIngenious는 기발하고 독창적이라는 뜻입니다. 그런 논거조차 무시됩니다.
  3. c) complaints about unfair treatmentGrievance는 부당한 대우를 받았다는 느낌입니다.
  4. b) in a more expressive and powerful way than words wouldEloquently는 “표현력 있고 설득력 있게”라는 뜻입니다.
  5. d) doubtfulSceptical은 무언가가 효과가 있을지 의심한다는 뜻입니다.
  6. list6단락: “a queue that cannot be policed is merely a list”.
  7. villain3단락에서 그를 “the villain of the piece”(이야기의 악역)라고 부릅니다.