كيف قاس التجار القدماء المسافات

مفتاح الإجابات

1. Before accurate maps existed, merchants often described a journey by the time it took rather than the distance covered.'Rather than' تربط فكرتين. 'Distance covered' جملة مبنية للمجهول مختصرة: المسافة التي قُطعت.
2. A route might be described as six days by camel, a figure that varied with the weather and the load.'A figure that varied' تضيف معلومة عن العدد. 'Camel' تُنطق CAM-el.
3. Sailors, meanwhile, relied on the stars and on careful records of speed, direction and elapsed time.'Meanwhile' تدل على تغيّر الموضوع. 'Elapsed' تنتهي بصوت t: e-LAPST.
4. Such methods were imprecise, yet they were sufficient for generations of traders who valued experience over exactness.في 'Sufficient' يقع النبر على المقطع الثاني: suf-FI-cient. 'Exactness' تنتهي بصوتي -ness.
5. It was only when travel became fast and frequent that a single shared standard of distance became essential.هذه الجملة المشقوقة 'It was only when ... that ...' تُبرز لحظة التغيّر. 'Travel became' يتصل فيها l وb.

Joy English · تدريب مجاني على الإنجليزية · https://joy-english.com/ar/listening-lessons/how-ancient-traders-measured-distance