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IELTS 形式のライティング：Task 2 の意見比較エッセイ

名前:日付:

IELTS ライティング Task 2 形式の独自の練習で、公式のテストではありません。高レベルの意見比較エッセイを学び、その表現を練習してから、自分の答案を書きます。

適切な表現を選ぶ

エッセイの表現についての各抜粋を完成させる、または各問いに答える最適な選択肢を選んでください。

___ preservation matters, it does not by itself justify a museum's existence.
- a) Despite
- b) Although
- c) However
- d) Because of
Which phrase introduces the most carefully hedged claim?
- a) Everyone knows that
- b) It is beyond all doubt that
- c) It could be argued that
- d) There is no question that
A paragraph that turns from one side of the argument to the other should begin with...
- a) Nevertheless,
- b) Similarly,
- c) For instance,
- d) As a result,
Which sentence has the most appropriate register for a formal essay?
- a) Museums gotta try harder to get people in.
- b) Museums are well advised to look for ways of attracting a wider audience.
- c) Museums should totally think about their visitors.
- d) It would be great if museums could sort this out.
Preservation keeps the evidence safe; engagement, ___, gives people a reason to care.
- a) on the contrary
- b) as a result
- c) for its part
- d) at any rate
Which is the best way to begin a conclusion?
- a) As everyone knows, museums are good.
- b) So that is why I wrote this essay.
- c) Finally, I want to say a few things about museums.
- d) On balance, I would maintain that both aims deserve support.
The task says Discuss both views and give your own opinion. Which plan answers it best?
- a) One paragraph on each view, a clear opinion stated early and confirmed in the conclusion
- b) Only the writer's own view, developed in four paragraphs
- c) A description of the history of museums
- d) Both views, with an opinion added only if there are words to spare
Which sentence makes a claim that is tentative but still specific?
- a) Such exhibitions always attract every kind of visitor.
- b) Such exhibitions may attract someone.
- c) Such exhibitions tend to attract audiences who might otherwise never visit.
- d) Such exhibitions have nothing to do with attracting people.

模範答案を完成させる

模範エッセイの表現から取った各文を完成させるために、1 語を入力してください。かっこ内に語がある場合はそれを使い、必要なら形を変えてください。

The danger of this approach ___ in fashion.
Topics that seem urgent now can look ___ within a decade.
Objects that are lost cannot be ___ (RECOVER) by later generations.
Preservation alone does not ___ (give a good reason for) a museum's existence.
A museum that chases headlines ___ becoming a magazine with a larger budget.
It is often their ticket money and goodwill that ___ for the conservation workshop.

ライティング課題

大学は、就職に直接つながる科目だけを教えるべきだと主張する人もいます。高等教育はより広い目的をもつべきだと考える人もいます。両方の見解を論じ、自分の意見を述べてください。

260〜340語

文章を確認する

課題の 3 つの部分（両方の見解と自分の意見）すべてに答えました。
自分の立場は序論で明確で、結論でもう一度示しました。
各段落には 1 つの主要な考えがあり、理由や例で裏づけられています。
断定を和らげる表現と譲歩（例：tend to、Although、Nevertheless）を、自然に、使いすぎずに使いました。
正確でフォーマルな語彙を使い、課題の語を繰り返さないようにしました。
文法、スペル、句読点を確認し、およそ 260〜340 語に収めました。

解答

適切な表現を選ぶ

b) AlthoughAlthough は譲歩の節を導きます。Despite と Because of には名詞句が必要で、However は文副詞なので、このように 2 つの節をつなぐことはできません。
c) It could be argued thatIt could be argued that は控えめな主張を示します。他は断定的に聞こえます。
a) Nevertheless,Nevertheless は、直前に述べたことと対照的であることを示します。
b) Museums are well advised to look for ways of attracting a wider audience.形式的で正確であり、会話的ではありません。
c) for its partFor its part は、2 つ目のものからの並行する貢献を加えます。On the contrary は述べられたことを否定し、as a result は因果関係を暗示します。
d) On balance, I would maintain that both aims deserve support.立場を要約し、断定を和らげる表現を使い、自然に締めくくりの考えにつながっています。
a) One paragraph on each view, a clear opinion stated early and confirmed in the conclusion課題には、見解 1、見解 2、自分の意見の 3 つの部分があるので、3 つすべてを明確にしなければなりません。
c) Such exhibitions tend to attract audiences who might otherwise never visit.Tend to は断定を和らげる表現で、文の残りの部分は具体的です。他の選択肢は、誇張されているか、中身がありません。

模範答案を完成させる

lies慣用表現は lies in で、「問題は〜にある」という意味です。
dated / outdated / old-fashioned / stale / obsolete / irrelevantDated（または outdated、old-fashioned）は、話題が時間とともに切実さを失うという考えに合います。
recoveredcannot be の後の受動態には、過去分詞が必要です。
justify / warrantJustify は「正当な理由を示す」という意味で、この意味の existence と自然に結びつく動詞です。Warrant も可能です。
risksRisk の後には -ing 形が続き、主語は単数です。
pay / providePay for は「その費用を出す」という意味です。複合主語 ticket money and goodwill には、複数形の動詞を使います。

解答例

The question of what a university is for has rarely been more pressing, now that degrees are expensive and the labour market changes faster than syllabuses can be rewritten. While I accept that employability matters, I do not believe it should be the only yardstick.

Those who favour a strictly vocational curriculum make a reasonable point. Students and their families invest considerable sums, and it seems unfair to send graduates into the world with knowledge that no employer can use. A curriculum built around identifiable skills also offers a clarity that more open-ended study cannot, and it can open careers to people who lack family connections.

Nevertheless, a narrow approach carries risks of its own. Occupations that are in demand today may be obsolete by the time a cohort graduates, whereas the capacity to analyse evidence, write persuasively and learn unfamiliar material rarely goes out of date. Subjects with no obvious vocational purpose, such as philosophy or ancient history, are often where these capacities are most deliberately trained. Moreover, societies need more than a skilled workforce: they need citizens able to judge arguments, and it is hard to see how that ability could be acquired from training manuals alone.

On balance, I would argue that universities should pursue both aims, and that the apparent conflict is exaggerated. A degree in a practical field can be taught with intellectual rigour, and a humanities degree can include work placements or training in data skills. The task for institutions is to make these connections explicit, so that students understand what they are learning and why.