B1受動態15分
受動態：現在形と過去形
The passive: present and past
行為をする人よりも、行為や結果のほうが大切なときに受動態を使います。
能動態の文では、主語が行為をします。Farmers grow rice in this valley. 受動態の文では、主語が行為を受けます。Rice is grown in this valley. 誰がしたのか分からないとき、誰がしたのか明らかなとき、または重要でないときに受動態を使います。
| 時制 | 形 | 例 |
|---|---|---|
| Present simple | am / is / are + past participle | These bikes are made in two small factories. |
| Present simple negative | isn't / aren't + past participle | Cash isn't accepted in this café. |
| Past simple | was / were + past participle | The bridge was built in 1890. |
| Past simple negative | wasn't / weren't + past participle | The letters weren't delivered on time. |
| Questions | is / was (etc.) + subject + past participle | Where were these photos taken? |
誰が行為をしたかを言うには by を使います。The song was written by a teenager from Nairobi. by + 人は、その情報が新しい場合や興味深い場合だけ加えます。My bag was found by someone のような文は不自然です。someone は何の情報も加えないからです。
よく見かける場面
受動態は、ニュース、お知らせ、説明書、手順の説明でよく使われます。書き手が、起きたことと結果に注目して書くのに役立ちます。
- Breakfast is served from 7 to 10 a.m.
- Three new kinds of frog were discovered in the forest last year.
- Our flat is cleaned every Friday.
- The match was cancelled because of the storm.
- Was the email sent to everyone?
練習問題 1/2
正しい形を選ぼう
各文を完成させるために、正しい選択肢を選んでください。
練習問題 2/2
受動態を書こう
かっこ内の動詞の受動態を入力してください。現在形か過去形を使います。
The windows (wash) every spring.
This castle (build) more than 600 years ago.
Dogs (not / allow) in this park.
The winners (announce) yesterday evening.
Our order (not / deliver) until Tuesday, so we waited all weekend.
A lot of coffee (produce) in Colombia every year.
The letter (write) by hand, so it was hard to read.
At our school, all meals (cook) fresh every day.
出典
Joy Englishのオリジナルレッスンです。
レベルは目安です。間違いを見つけたら、お問い合わせページからお知らせください。