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Joy English

C2 文法

C2非現実の過去25分

非現実の過去形と倒置された条件文

Unreal past forms and inverted conditionals

現在や未来の非現実には過去形を使い、should、were、had を倒置して if を省きます。

英語は、past forms to talk about things that are not real now（現在は現実ではないことを述べるために過去形）を使います。この「非現実の過去」は、it's time, would rather, as if, suppose（it's time、would rather、as if、suppose）とwishの後に現れます。改まった文章では、ifを省いて最初の動詞を倒置することで、条件文を短くすることもあります。

構造パターン例
It's (high / about) time+ subject + past simpleIt's high time the council repaired the road.
would rather / sooner+ subject + past simple (now or future)I'd rather you kept the windows closed.
would rather+ subject + past perfect (past)I'd rather you hadn't told anyone.
as if / as though+ past perfect for past unrealityShe spoke as if she had led the project.
suppose / supposing+ past simple for a hypothetical caseSuppose you were given the chance, what would you do?
but for / were it not for / had it not been for+ noun phraseBut for his help, I would have failed.
Should / Were / Had + subjectreplaces ifHad we known, we would have called.

3つの倒置形は、それぞれ条件文の1つのタイプでifを置き換えます。Should + subject（Should + 主語）（Should you need help, ask）は、丁寧な、または可能性の低い if you should need を置き換えます。Were + subject (+ to)（Were + 主語 (+ to)）（Were she to accept, she would move）は if she were to accept を置き換えます。Had + subject + past participle（Had + 主語 + 過去分詞）（Had it not been for the warning, many would have suffered）は if it had not been for を置き換えます。

  • It's about time we started thinking about a long-term solution.
  • I'd sooner you didn't mention it to anyone.
  • Were it not for his constant encouragement, I would have given up long ago.
  • Should the printer fail again, call the technician.
  • Had the budget been approved earlier, the bridge would be finished by now.

練習問題 1/2

正しい形を選ぼう

各文を正しく完成させる選択肢を選びましょう。

  1. It's high time the council _____ the road before someone is injured.

  2. I'd rather you _____ the windows closed while the paint dries.

  3. At the meeting she spoke as if she _____ the project herself, although it was her predecessor's.

  4. _____ for the generosity of a few donors, the museum would have closed.

  5. _____ it not been for the early warning, many more people would have been affected.

  6. _____ you require further information, please contact the office.

  7. Suppose you _____ the chance to live anywhere, where would you choose?

  8. Were Nadia _____ see the final report, she would be astonished.

8問中0問回答

練習問題 2/2

文を完成させよう

空所に入る語を入力しましょう。

  1. It's about time we (start) thinking about a long-term solution.

  2. I'd rather you told anyone about the results before the announcement; it's too late now.

  3. The lecturer spoke as though the audience already read the paper, which few had.

  4. it not for his constant encouragement, I would have given up long ago.

  5. the budget been approved earlier, the bridge would be finished by now.

  6. Were the company (close) its factory, hundreds of workers would lose their jobs.

  7. But the quick thinking of the pilot, the flight would have ended badly.

  8. Supposing you (win) a large prize tomorrow, what would you do with it?

8問中0問回答

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