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C2 文法

C2文体25分

学術的な文体における名詞化

Nominalisation in academic style

動詞や形容詞を名詞に変えて、文章をより密度が高く、抽象的で、改まったものにします。

Nominalisation（名詞化）とは、動作や性質を、動詞や形容詞ではなく名詞で表すことです。学術的・専門的な英語では、より少ない節にたくさんの情報を詰め込み、人ではなく考えに焦点を保ち、前の考えを次の文の主語にして文をつなぐために、名詞化を使います。

動詞または形容詞を使った節名詞化した形
Prices rose sharply, which worried investors.The sharp rise in prices worried investors.
Because the river flooded, the village was isolated.The flooding of the river isolated the village.
Scientists disagree about the cause.There is disagreement among scientists about the cause.
People are more aware of the risks.Awareness of the risks has grown.
The system is reliable.The system's reliability is not in doubt.

名詞だけでは時制や論理を表せないので、名詞化した文にはverb that links the ideas（考えをつなぐ動詞）が必要です：lead to, result in, give rise to, account for, contribute to, stem from。前置詞も重要です。increase in、demand for、reliance on、response to、awareness of、reluctance to、tendency toと言います。

  • The company's rapid expansion worried investors.
  • A growing awareness of the risks has led firms to review their policies.
  • The new rules gave rise to a number of unexpected problems.
  • Reluctance to accept the findings was widespread.
  • The collapse of the talks came as no surprise.

練習問題 1/2

正しい形を選ぼう

各文を正しく完成させる選択肢を選びましょう。

  1. There has been a marked _____ in the number of people working from home.

  2. Which sentence expresses "Because the river flooded, the village was cut off" in a nominalised form?

  3. The government's _____ on imported fuel has fallen sharply.

  4. A growing _____ of the risks has led companies to review their policies.

  5. The new rules gave _____ to a number of unexpected problems.

  6. The company's rapid _____ worried investors.

  7. Our _____ to the new policy was slow.

  8. Which sentence would be clearest for a general reader?

8問中0問回答

練習問題 2/2

文を完成させよう

空所に入る語を入力しましょう。かっこ内の語は、答えのもとになる動詞または形容詞を示しています。

  1. The committee hesitated, and this delayed the project. → The committee's delayed the project. (hesitate)

  2. Prices rose too fast, which angered residents. → The rapid in prices angered residents. (rise)

  3. Scientists disagree about the cause. → There is among scientists about the cause. (disagree)

  4. The spread of misinformation has to a loss of public trust. (one word)

  5. Teachers must be able to adapt. → Teachers' is vital. (adaptable)

  6. Customers were loyal, so sales stayed steady. → Customer kept sales steady. (loyal)

  7. The increase demand for housing has pushed up rents.

  8. There is a widespread reluctance accept the findings.

8問中0問回答

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