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C1 Tata bahasa

C1Inversi22 menit

Inversi setelah keterangan negatif dan pembatas

Inversion after negative and restrictive adverbials

Taruh kata bantu sebelum subjek setelah ungkapan seperti hardly, not until, dan under no circumstances.

Ketika kalimat diawali keterangan negatif atau pembatas, bahasa Inggris sering membalik subjek dan kata kerja bantu. inversion ini memberi penekanan ekstra pada tulisan formal dan pidato. Bandingkan kalimat netral She had rarely seen such skill dengan kalimat yang menekankan Rarely had she seen such skill.

Ungkapan pembukaPolaContoh
Never, rarely, seldom, littleadverb + auxiliary + subjectSeldom do we get such honest feedback.
Hardly / scarcely ... whenhad + subject + past participleHardly had the talk begun when the lights failed.
No sooner ... thanhad + subject + past participleNo sooner had she left than the phone rang.
Not only ... but (also)auxiliary + subjectNot only did he apologise, but he also paid for the damage.
Only after / only when / not untilauxiliary + subject in the main clauseOnly after the storm did the villagers see the damage.
Under no circumstances, on no account, at no timeauxiliary or modal + subjectOn no account should the door be left open.
Nowhere, in no way, by no meansauxiliary + subjectNowhere in the report is the cost mentioned.

Jika kalimat tidak punya kata kerja bantu, tambahkan do, does or did, persis seperti dalam pertanyaan: Little did they know that the contract was already void. Dengan kata kerja be, pindahkan be itu sendiri: Never was the city so quiet.

Inversi conditional

Dalam bahasa Inggris formal, kamu bisa menghilangkan if dan membalik urutan kata. Ini berlaku dengan had, were, dan should. Maknanya tidak berubah, tetapi tingkat bahasanya menjadi lebih tinggi.

  • Had I known the risks, I would have refused. (If I had known ...)
  • Were the funding to be cut, the project would collapse. (If the funding were cut ...)
  • Should you need further help, contact the office. (If you should need ...)
  • Not until the results arrived did anyone suspect an error.

Latihan 1 dari 2

Pilih bentuk yang benar

Pilih pilihan yang melengkapi setiap kalimat dengan benar.

  1. Not only _____ the deadline, but she also exceeded every target.

  2. Rarely _____ such a thoughtful reply to harsh criticism.

  3. No sooner had the lecture begun _____ the projector stopped working.

  4. Hardly had we sat down _____ the waiter brought the menus.

  5. Only after the results were published _____ the scale of the problem.

  6. Under no circumstances _____ the storage room be left unlocked.

  7. Little _____ that the decision would change her career for ever.

  8. Nowhere in the whole document _____ any mention of the budget overrun.

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Latihan 2 dari 2

Lengkapi kalimat

Ketik satu kata di setiap bagian kosong agar kalimatnya benar dan formal.

  1. Not until the sensors failed the engineers notice the fault.

  2. No sooner had she arrived the meeting started.

  3. Seldom I seen such careful craftsmanship.

  4. Only when the lights went out we realise how quiet the town was.

  5. On no account the exhibits be touched by visitors.

  6. Hardly the film begun when the power went off.

  7. Not only the manager apologise, but he also offered a full refund.

  8. I known the risks, I would have declined the offer.

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