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C2논증 에세이40분

효율과 공적 삶에 관한 논의형 에세이

A discursive essay on efficiency and public life

논의형 에세이에서 균형 잡히고 단정을 피한 논증을 구성합니다. 양보하고, 단서를 달고, 절제된 판단으로 결론을 맺습니다.

이 수준에서 논의형 에세이는 찬반 논점을 나열하는 데 그치지 않습니다. 양보, 단서, 신중한 입장을 통해 견해를 전개합니다. 글쓴이는 반대 견해에서 타당한 부분을 인정하고, 그것이 정확히 어디에서 부족한지 보이며, 절대적이지 않고 절제된 판단에 이릅니다. 문체는 격식 있고 비인칭적이며, 단락은 나열하는 표현이 아니라 논리로 연결되고, 마지막 단락은 더 날카로운 시각으로 첫 생각으로 돌아갑니다.

모범 글

Efficiency and the quiet erosion of public life

It is a commonplace of contemporary life that time saved is time gained. Yet the relentless pursuit of efficiency, so often presented as an unqualified good, may be quietly eroding the unplanned encounters on which a healthy public life depends.

The case for efficiency is, admittedly, not easily dismissed. Automated ticket machines, self-service checkouts and online appointment systems spare us queues and paperwork, and the hours they release can be spent on pursuits we value more highly. Nor should we romanticise inefficiency: a slow bureaucracy has seldom enriched anyone's existence, least of all those with the least time to spare.

Nevertheless, what is gained in speed is frequently lost in incidental contact. The conversation with a pharmacist, the passing remark of a neighbour in a queue, the shared grumble about a delayed train: none of these appears on any balance sheet, yet together they weave the loose fabric of trust that binds strangers. Remove the occasions for such exchanges and one is left with a society that functions smoothly but knows itself less well.

It would be mistaken, however, to conclude that technology is the culprit. The fault lies less in the machines than in the assumption that every transaction is merely a means to an end, to be completed at the lowest possible cost in minutes. Where institutions deliberately preserve a human option, as some libraries and post offices have done, people appear to value the choice even when they seldom exercise it. That reluctance to see the option disappear suggests that we sense, if only dimly, what is at stake.

On balance, then, efficiency deserves to be treated as a servant rather than a master. Planners and employers would do well to ask not only how quickly a process can be completed but also what, if anything, will be lost along the way. A public life stripped of friction may prove, paradoxically, a good deal poorer for it.

유용한 표현

단계C2 수준의 표현효과
OpeningIt is a commonplace that ... Yet ...Names a received idea, then questions it
Concession... is, admittedly, not easily dismissed. / Nor should we romanticise ...Shows fairness before the counter-argument
Counter-argumentNevertheless, ... / It would be mistaken, however, to conclude that ...Qualifies without sounding aggressive
Hedgingmay be eroding / appears to / it could be argued that / one suspectsKeeps claims proportionate to the evidence
EmphasisThe fault lies less in ... than in ...Redirects blame precisely
ConclusionOn balance, then, ... / would do well to ...Gives a measured judgement and a recommendation

연습 1 / 2

입장, 완곡 표현, 문체

격식 있는 논의형 에세이에 가장 알맞은 선택지를 고르세요.

  1. Which sentence hedges most appropriately?

  2. _____ its undeniable convenience, the system carries costs that are easily overlooked.

  3. Which linker signals that the writer is about to qualify their own argument?

  4. Which is the most suitable way to open a final paragraph?

  5. Which sentence is the most appropriately impersonal and cautious?

  6. Efficiency, _____ valuable it may be, should not be pursued at any cost.

  7. Which sentence rejects an opposing view without overstating?

7문제 중 0문제 답함

연습 2 / 2

에세이 표현 완성하기

각 문장을 완성하도록 한 단어 또는 괄호 안의 형태를 입력하세요.

  1. The case for efficiency is, , not easily dismissed. (a concession adverb)

  2. None of these appears on any balance sheet, together they weave the loose fabric of trust.

  3. Planners would do well ask what will be lost along the way.

  4. The fault lies less in the machines in the assumption behind them.

  5. It would be mistaken, , to conclude that technology is the culprit. (a contrast word)

  6. Remove those occasions and one is left a society that functions smoothly.

  7. A public life stripped friction may prove a good deal poorer.

7문제 중 0문제 답함

직접 해 보기

쓰기 과제

일부 사람들은 도시를 편리함과 속도를 중심으로 완전히 재설계해야 한다고 주장합니다. 이 주장에 어느 정도 동의하는지에 관한 논의형 에세이를 쓰세요. 반대 견해에 최소 한 가지는 양보하고, 완곡 표현을 사용하며, 절제된 판단으로 마무리하세요.

0단어

검사는 오픈소스 검사기 Harper로 사용 중인 기기에서 실행되므로 글이 어디에도 전송되지 않습니다. 흔한 실수를 많이 찾아내지만 모두 찾지는 못하며, 내용의 좋고 나쁨은 판단하지 않습니다. Harper 라이선스

내 글 확인
모범 답안 보기

내 글

아직 아무것도 쓰지 않았습니다.

모범 답안

Few would deny that a city in which every journey is swift and every service immediate has its attractions. Yet a city designed solely for convenience may turn out to be one that nobody much wants to linger in.

The argument in favour of speed is a serious one. Congestion costs time and health, and those who depend on public transport are the first to suffer when it fails. Wide, fast routes and well-timed connections can therefore be defended as a form of fairness as much as of comfort, and it would be perverse to romanticise the delays that the poorest commuters endure.

Even so, convenience is a narrow measure of what a city is for. Streets built to move people as quickly as possible tend to treat them as freight, to be delivered rather than to be met. The pavement café, the market stall and the bench beside a fountain all slow the pedestrian down, and it is precisely this slowness that gives a neighbourhood its character. Where such features have been removed in the name of flow, residents often report that the place has become easier to cross but harder to belong to.

There is, moreover, a practical objection. A city that is optimised for one purpose is seldom robust. Roads widened for peak traffic invite more vehicles; the extra capacity is absorbed within a few years, and the congestion returns, now accompanied by noise and pollution. Planners who pursue speed alone may thus end up with neither speed nor pleasure.

The sensible course lies between the extremes. Rapid, reliable transport for those who need it should coexist with streets that reward the unhurried, and decisions about each should be tested against a broader question: not merely how quickly can people move, but what kind of life does the movement serve? A city that can answer that question has little to fear from the stopwatch.

쓴 글은 이 브라우저에 저장되며, 로그인한 경우 계정에도 저장됩니다. 채점은 하지 않습니다. 검사, 체크리스트, 모범 답안으로 스스로 확인하세요.

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