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B2 語彙

B2傾向15分

傾向と変化の表し方

Describing trends and change

報告書やグラフの説明のように、数字が時間とともにどう変化するかを表す動詞・副詞・形容詞を学びます。

報告書、プレゼンテーション、試験の課題では、ものごとが時間とともにどう変化したかを説明するよう求められることがよくあります。went up や went down を繰り返す代わりに、変化の大きさや速さを示す副詞や形容詞と組み合わせて、正確な動詞を使うことができます。

rise動詞
上がる、より高くなる、大きくなるThe number of cyclists in the city rose by 15% last year.
decline動詞
より小さく、弱く、少なくなるSales of printed maps have declined steadily for a decade.
fluctuate動詞
何度も上がったり下がったりするThe price of fresh vegetables fluctuates with the seasons.
peak動詞
最も高い点やレベルに達するWater use peaks in the early evening, when people cook and wash.
level off句動詞
上昇や下降が止まり、だいたい同じレベルにとどまるAfter years of growth, membership has levelled off.
double動詞
2倍の大きさになるThe number of online students has doubled since the new course began.
steadily副詞
一定の、均等なペースでThe town's population has grown steadily for thirty years.
sharply副詞
突然、大きな幅でVisitor numbers fell sharply after the bridge closed.
gradually副詞
ゆっくりと、長い期間をかけてTemperatures gradually returned to normal.
significant形容詞
気づかれるほど大きい、または重要なThere was a significant drop in complaints after the change.
slight形容詞
小さい、あまり重要でないThere was a slight increase in prices in March.
trend名詞
ものごとが変化している全般的な方向There is a growing trend towards working from home.
  • Prices rose sharply in May. = There was a sharp rise in prices in May.
  • Attendance fell by 200 people. (by shows the amount of change)
  • Attendance fell to 1,800. (to shows the final level)
  • The number of members rose from 200 to 350.

練習問題 1/2

傾向を表す語を選びましょう

最も適切な答えを選んでください。

  1. The price of tomatoes went up and down all year. It _____.

  2. Sales rose from 40,000 to 80,000. They _____.

  3. Visitor numbers fell _____ 300, from 1,500 to 1,200.

  4. Which word means suddenly and by a large amount?

  5. After rising for five years, house prices have _____ and are now stable.

  6. The company _____ its prices last month.

  7. Electricity use is highest at around 7 p.m. That is when it _____.

  8. Prices went up by just 0.5%. It was a _____ increase.

8問中0問回答

練習問題 2/2

レポートを完成させましょう

空所それぞれに1語を入力してください。各語を1回ずつ使い、必要なら形を変えます。使う語：decline, double, fluctuate, gradually, peak, significant, trend。

  1. Sales of paper maps continue to as more people use their phones to find their way.

  2. Ice cream sales in August, when they reach their highest level of the year.

  3. In the desert, the temperature can by more than 30 degrees between day and night.

  4. The village's population has since 2010, from 1,500 to 3,000.

  5. The improvement wasn't sudden; it happened over several years.

  6. There has been a rise in the number of people cycling to work. It is too large to ignore.

  7. One clear in recent years is that more young people share cars instead of buying them.

7問中0問回答

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